1.Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education on Smart Power Grids (Tianjin University), Tianjin 300072, China;2.State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment (Hebei University of Technology), Tianjin 300130, China;3.Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Tianjin Electric Power Company, Tianjin 300384, China

Electric vehicles (EVs), as a link and bridge connecting transportation electrification and grid cleanliness, can achieve deep coupling among electricity, transportation and information, forming an integrated planning and operation architecture of electricity and transportation. In the distribution-transportation integrated system (DTIS), a large number of uncertain factors such as the multiple spatio-temporal dynamic interweaving of EV charging and discharging behaviors, deep integration of electricity flow, traffic flow and information flow, and dynamic game among multiple stakeholders will cause significant changes in the planning and operation optimization boundaries of the distribution network. However, at the same time, it also brings opportunities to explore and utilize the mobile energy storage characteristics of EVs and improve the flexibility of the distribution network. Therefore, based on the analysis of the morphological evolution characteristics of the distribution network under the deep coupling of drivers, vehicles, piles, traffic and networks, the new challenges faced by the collaborative planning and operation optimization of the distribution network in the new form are analyzed. Furthermore, four key technologies such as EV flexibility modeling, efficient construction and prediction of flexible regions, collaborative planning, and operation optimization under the coupling of drivers, vehicles, piles, traffic and networks are discussed, and the research directions of the related technical issues are prospected.