1.School of Electrical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China;2.Standardization Center of China Electricity Council, Beijing 100761, China;3.Shanghai Nio Inc. Co., Ltd., Shanghai 102600, China

With the large-scale development of renewable energy generation and electric vehicles (EVs), the regulation capacity of the power grid keeps declining, the pressure of accommodating renewable energy increases, and the vulnerability of the distribution network gradually exposes. The promotion and application of the vehicle to grid (V2G) technology are of great significance for the satisfaction of charging demand, the alleviation of the pressure on distribution grid construction, the utilization of EV flexibility resources, and the renewable energy accommodation. This paper comprehensively summarizes the current research status in the field of V2G from the five aspects of the technology research, the related policy and standard formulation, the infrastructure and energy management platforms, the information security, and the demonstration application. And the shortcomings of the existing studies are pointed out. Further, the potential future research directions in the field of V2G are explored.